材料科学与工程导论（双语）2011年版

材料科学与工程导论（双语）

出版时间：2011年版

内容简介

　　《材料科学与工程导论（双语）》是材料科学与工程导论的双语教材，以现行“材料科学与工程导论”课程标准为依据，结合中文教材，以国外原版教材做参考并根据国内的教学情况及材料科学研究的最新进展对教材内容进行适度的整合。全书共分9章，具体内容包括：绪论，固体材料的结构，常用工程材料（高分子材料、金属材料、陶瓷材料和复合材料）的结构、力学性能、成分、加工工艺以及应用前景，常用工程材料的化学性能（耐腐蚀性能）和物理性能（电、磁、热和光学性能）以及新型材料（生物材料、纳米材料和智能材料）的介绍等内容。本教材可供大专院校材料科学与工程及相关专业师生使用，也可供从事材料科学与工程研究、开发及管理的人员参考。

目录

Chapter 1Introduction1

Learning Objectives1

1?1Historical Perspective1

1?2What is Materials Science and Engineering?2

1?3Why Study Materials Science and Engineering?5

1?4Classification of Materials5

1?5Advanced Materials9

1?6Modern Materials’ Needs10

References11

Chapter 2The Structure of Crystalline Solids13

Learning Objectives13

2?1Atomic Structure and Interatomic Bonding13

2?1?1Fundamental Concepts14

2?1?2Bonding Forces and Energies14

2?1?3Atomic Bonding in Solids16

2?2Crystal Structures22

2?2?1Fundamental Concepts22

2?2?2Metallic Crystal Structures and Crystal Systems23

2?2?3Crystallographic Points，Directions，and Planes30

2?2?4Crystalline and Noncrystalline Materials37

2?3Imperfections in Solids40

2?3?1Point Defects in Metals40

2?3?2Dislocations—Linear Defects43

2?3?3Interfacial Defects44

2?3?4Bulk or Volume Defects46

References48

Chapter 3Polymer Materials49

Learning Objectives49

3?1Polymer Structures49

3?1?1Introduction49

3?1?2Fundamental Concepts49

3?1?3Polymer Molecules50

3?1?4Designation of Polymers50

3?1?5Commonly Used Polymers51

3?1?6The Chemistry of Polymer Molecules58

3?2Crystallization，Melting and Glass Transition Phenomena inPolymers65

3?3Mechanical Properties of Polymers66

3?3?1Stress?Strain Behavior67

3?3?2Macroscopic Deformation68

3?3?3Viscoelastic Deformation70

3?4Polymer Types71

3?4?1Plastics71

3?4?2Elastomers72

3?4?3Fibers73

3?4?4Miscellaneous Applications Coatings73

3?5Processing of Polymers74

3?5?1Polymerization75

3?5?2Polymer Additives76

3?5?3Forming Techniques for Plastics78

3?5?4Fabrication of Elastomers80

3?5?5Fabrication of Fibers and Films81

References84

Chapter 4Metallic Materials85

Learning Objectives85

4?1Mechanical Properties of Metals85

4?1?1Introduction85

4?1?2Tensile Test86

4?1?3Hardness Testing90

4?2Dislocations and Strengthening91

4?2?1The Role of Dislocations91

4?2?2Work Hardening93

4?2?3Grain Size Strengthening93

4?2?4Alloy Hardening94

4?3Failure96

4?3?1Introduction96

4?3?2Fundamentals of Fracture97

4?3?3Ductile Fracture97

4?3?4Brittle Fracture98

4?3?5Fracture Mechanics in Design99

4?3?6Fracture Toughness100

4?3?7Fatigue101

4?3?8Creep101

4?4Phase Diagrams and Phase Transformations in Metals102

4?4?1Introduction102

4?4?2Phase Diagrams103

4?4?3Phase Transformations107

4?5Applications and Processing of Metal Alloys108

4?5?1Introduction108

4?5?2Types of Metal Alloys109

4?5?3Fabrication of Metals113

4?5?4Thermal Processing of Metals115

References120

Chapter 5Ceramic Materials123

Learning Objectives123

5?1Structures and Properties of Ceramics123

5?1?1Introduction123

5?1?2Ceramic Structures123

5?1?3Mechanical Properties of Ceramics127

5?2Application and Processing of Ceramics129

5?2?1Types and Applications of Ceramics129

5?2?2Fabrication and Processing of Ceramics131

References136

Chapter 6Composite Materials137

Learning Objectives137

6?1Introduction137

6?2Particle?Reinforced Composites138

6?2?1Large?Particle Composites139

6?2?2Dispersion?Strengthened Composites140

6?3Fiber?Reinforced Composites140

6?3?1The Fiber Phase140

6?3?2The Matrix Phase141

6?4Polymer?Matrix Composites142

6?4?1Glass Fiber?Reinforced Polymer（GFRP）Composites142

6?4?2Carbon Fiber?Reinforced Polymer（CFRP）Composites143

6?4?3Aramid Fiber?Reinforced Polymer Composites143

6?5Metal?Matrix Composites145

6?6Ceramic?Matrix Composites146

References149

Chapter 7Corrosion and Degradation of Materials150

Learning Objectives150

7?1Introduction150

7?2Corrosion of Metals150

7?2?1Electrochemical Considerations151

7?2?2Corrosion Rates153

7?2?3Passivity153

7?2?4Environmental Effects153

7?2?5Forms of Corrosion154

7?2?6Corrosion Environments158

7?2?7Corrosion Prevention159

7?3Corrosion of Ceramic Materials159

7?4Degradation of Polymers160

7?4?1Swelling and Dissolution160

7?4?2Bond Rupture160

7?4?3Weathering161

References163

Chapter 8Electrical/Thermal/Magnetic/Optical Properties ofMaterials164

Learning Objectives164

8?1Introduction165

8?2Electrical Properties of Materials165

8?2?1Metals and Alloys166

8?2?2Semiconductors167

8?2?3Ionic Ceramics and Polymers170

8?3Thermal Properties of Materials170

8?3?1Heat Capacity170

8?3?2Thermal Expansion171

8?3?3Thermal Conductivity172

8?3?4Thermal Stresses172

8?4Magnetic Properties of Materials174

8?4?1Diamagnetism，Paramagnetism and Ferromagnetism174

8?4?2Antiferromagnetism and Ferrimagnetism177

8?4?3The Influence of Temperature on Magnetic Behavior179

8?4?4Domains，Hysteresis and Magnetic Anisotropy179

8?4?5Superconductivity181

8?5Optical Properties of Materials186

8?5?1Interaction of Light with Matter186

8?5?2Atomic and Electronic Interactions187

8?5?3Refraction，Reflection，Absorption and Transmission190

8?5?4Opacity and Translucency in Insulators192

8?5?5Applications of Optical Phenomena192

References197

Chapter 9Biomaterials/Nanomaterials/Smart Materials198

Learning Objectives198

9?1Biomaterials198

9?1?1Definition of Biomaterials199

9?1?2Performance of Biomaterials202

9?1?3Brief Historical Background203

9?2Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials205

9?2?1Introduction205

9?2?2Examples of Current Achievements and Paradigm Shifts209

9?3Smart Materials214

9?3?1Introduction214

9?3?2Shape Memory Alloys215

9?3?3Applications of Smart Materials219

Reference220